Devotion and Religious Practice
Among certain religious sects in the Ottoman Empire, some followers spend entire nights bent toward the ground, reciting prayers and […]
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Superstitions and Magical Beliefs
In Persian culture, it was commonly believed that certain people possessed a strange power in their eyes that could bring
The Origins of Christianity and Mahometanism
It is well known that Christianity and Mahometanism (Islam) were introduced into the world under very different circumstances. Christianity’s Early
Dealing with the Turks
The most effective way for a diplomat to negotiate with the Turks was firmness, consistency, and adherence to established customs.
Fear and Uncertainty in Government
In the Ottoman Empire, it sometimes happened that a man was appointed to govern a province, even though the ruler